In Tanzania, people with albinism face severe discrimination and violence, spurring outrage and action from civil rights groups, both locally and globally. Concern for their safety led to a pivotal case before the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights, demanding stronger protection under the law. The landmark ruling in February 2025 held the Tanzanian government responsible for human rights violations against this vulnerable community.
Albinism, a rare genetic condition causing a lack of pigmentation, affects approximately 1 in 4,000 people in sub-Saharan Africa. Individuals with albinism are susceptible to skin cancer and visual impairments, and sadly, they often encounter discrimination, bullying, and violence. In Tanzania, the darkness of societal prejudices manifests in horrific acts such as abductions and killings, often for the malicious purpose of wealth charms manufactured by witchdoctors.
Since the emergence of media reports on attacks in 2007, over 700 such incidents across 28 countries have been documented, highlighting the dire situation faced by people with albinism. In Tanzania alone, there have been 209 reports of assaults, including a recent tragic case involving a two-year-old girl.
The court ruling reinforces the principle that human rights for persons with albinism must adhere to international standards, primarily articulated in the UN’s Universal Declaration of Human Rights. These rights encompass life, equality, education, and protection from exploitation. The court asserted that Tanzania had violated the right to life and non-discrimination, thus setting a vital precedent for other African nations.
To uphold the ruling, the Tanzanian government is mandated to launch nationwide campaigns to educate the public and dismantle harmful myths. Amendments to outdated laws, such as the Witchcraft Act, are necessary to criminalise violence against persons with albinism. Furthermore, the government must implement its action plan for their protection, prioritising health care access, educational support, and a cultural shift among educators.
In a bid to officially communicate compliance, the Tanzanian government must publish the ruling online and report on its progress within two years. However, the African Court faces challenges in enforcing compliance, as there are no immediate consequences for non-adherence. Monitoring by civil society and human rights organisations will be crucial in holding the government accountable in safeguarding the rights and lives of people with albinism in Tanzania and beyond.
In February 2025, the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights held Tanzania accountable for human rights violations against people with albinism. The landmark ruling mandates the government to enact awareness campaigns, amend the Witchcraft Act, and implement protection plans for individuals with albinism. Ongoing monitoring will be required to ensure compliance with the court’s directives.
The African Court’s judgment marks a crucial turning point for the rights of people with albinism in Tanzania, highlighting the government’s responsibility to protect this minority. While the ruling demands substantial changes to combat discrimination and violence, it also serves as a beacon of hope for similar communities across the continent. Continuous monitoring and active engagement from civil society will be vital in ensuring the government’s adherence to these compelling judicial directives.
Original Source: theconversation.com
